Ultimate good means satisfying Krishna, not securing family happiness through material arrangements.Listen — Srila Prabhupada Uvaca
Bhagavad-gītā 1.31 — July 24, 1973, London 730724BG-LONDON [43:56 Minutes] Bg-01.31_730724BG-LONDON Pradyumna: Oṁ namo bhagavate vāsudevāya. Oṁ namo bhagavate vāsudevāya. Oṁ namo bhagavate vāsudevāya. [leads chanting of verse] [Prabhupāda and devotees repeat] na ca śreyo 'nupaśyāmi hatvā svajanam āhave na kāṅkṣe vijayaṁ kṛṣṇa na ca rājyaṁ sukhāni ca [Bg. 1.31] [break] [leads chanting of synonyms] na—nor; ca—also; śreyaḥ—good; anupaśyāmi—do I foresee; hatvā—by killing; svajanam—own kinsmen; āhave—in the fight; na—nor; kānkṣe—do I desire; vijayam—victory; kṛṣṇa—O Kṛṣṇa; na—nor; ca—also; rājyam—kingdom; sukhāni—happiness thereof; ca—also.
[03:06] Translation: "I do not see how any good can come from killing my own kinsmen in this battle, nor can I, my dear Kṛṣṇa, desire any subsequent victory, kingdom or happiness." Prabhupāda: So there are two things: śreya and preya. Here Arjuna is speaking of śreya. Śreya means ultimate good, and preya means immediately palatable. That is called preya. So everyone should be interested for śreya, not for preya.
Just like a child: he likes to play all day and night, naturally. Playful child. So that is called preya. He likes immediate pleasure.
But his father says, "My dear child, just go to school or read book." So father is asking for śreya, ultimate good. If he is not educated at the, at childhood, then how he will prosper in his future life? So considering the future prospect, ultimate good, that is called śreya. And preya means immediate.
Just like we eat something which I may not digest, or it may have some bad effect later on. But people are interested the immediate benefit, without calculation of future benefit. So Arjuna is considering with reference to his future, that "If I kill my kinsmen, what benefit there will be? I want victory, I want kingdom, to become happy, but if my all kinsmens are killed, then what is the value of my victory? With whom I shall enjoy?" He is thinking like that.
Society... The same thing: society, friendship and love. Everyone wants to enjoy life with society, friends. Nobody wants to enjoy life alone.
That is not possible. This is not natural. So wherefrom we got this idea that I cannot enjoy alone? Just like generally a person is alone, but he gets a wife with a hope for enjoying family life—children, wife, friends. Gṛha-kṣetra, ataḥ gṛha-kṣetra-sutāpta-vittaiḥ.